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Diabetes I

Diabetes is a systemic disease. Some researchers have stated it is syndrome-like, consisting of several disease processes. The variables of this disease require a team approach. Chiropodists are a crucial part of that team. Their knowledge and expertise is key in prevention of, and early recognition of potential serious consequences of diabetes’ effects on the feet. Chiropodists are most qualified to deal with serious complications of the feet, such as ulcerations. All diabetics should be screened at least once per year. Other foot problems exacerbated by complications of diabetes include corns, calluses, blisters, thick or ingrown nails. All of these problems should be referred to a chiropodist as soon as possible.

You should be aware of the following warning signs and bring them to the attention of your family physician or chiropodist:

• Changes in the colour of skin
• If your feet become warm or hot to the touch
• If your foot or ankle become swollen
• Any open sores or injuries that are slow to heal
• Fungal nails or ingrown nails
• Corn or calluses that have a dark appearance or are bleeding, as well as regular corns and calluses
• Dry or cracked heels
• Burning, tingling or numbness or increased pain (neuropathy)

Neuropathy

One of the most common complications of diabetes is neuropathy. This is a progressive condition that causes burning, tingling, numbness and slowly diminishes the sensation in your feet.

Due to poor microcirculation (blood flow) coupled with high blood sugar, the nerve function becomes impaired (neuropathy). These individuals may not recognize cuts, blisters, corns, or infections due to the absence of pain sensation. It is therefore crucial to see a chiropodist at least once a year. She or he can test and detect early signs that neurological impairment may be starting. Their knowledge and expertise can help you to manage your neuropathy safely. They can educate you on how to assess and care for your feet and to report any changes to them immediately. The complications of neuropathy can be managed safely when patients and chiropodists work together and communicate effectively.

Foot Care Do’s and Dont’s for Diabetics

Do:

• Wash and dry your feet daily. Always check for sores, blisters or infections. If you are physically unable to check them, have someone check for you or use a mirror.
• Wear good shoes and soft seamless socks.
• Always ensure to avoid extremes of hot and cold due to decreased temperature sensation
• Cut your toenails straight across and file sharp edges. Never cut down the sides yourself.
• Exercise regularly (delays onset of neuropathy).
• Stop smoking (delays onset of neuropathy).
• Be properly measured and fitted for shoes.
• Visit your chiropodist on a regular basis.

Don’t:

• Go barefoot.
• Wear tight or high heel shoes.
• Drink alcohol in excess.
• Remove calluses, corns or warts by yourself.
• Avoid foot care by anyone other than a chiropodist.